论文化的“异”与“同”

Comments on Differences and Similarities of Cultures

文化是特定的群体的惯常的活动、生活目标指向与生活、活动方式的统一。中西方文化在精神方面有一对基本的相异之处、特质,即生命有机整体的思维定势与单元个体的思维定势。可以由上述的这对基本的特质中一一引出中西方精神文化上其它的相对次要的异质,并对为何会有这些众多的异质做出合理的说明。文化的趋同、同化、存异及异化等往往演化成一种经济、军事等实力的较量,一种文化的保持、维系、发展需要有钱袋和武装的支持、支撑。

Culture is the unity of the customary activities of a specific colony, life goal orientation, and life and activity style.In the spirit of Chinese and Western cultures, there is a pair of basic difference or specific nature, namely, the thinking set of the life organic whole and the unit thinking set of the unit individual.It is possible to draw, from the above statement, basic specific natures and other relatively secondary ones in respect with the Chinese and Western spiritual cultures and make reasonable explanation why there are such numerous specific natures.Cultural convergence, assimilation, difference preserving and alienation, etc.sometimes evolve into a contest of strength in the economic, military and other fields.To keep, maintain and develop a culture, it is necessary to get financial and military support and reliance.