中国东、西部小城镇比较研究——以甘肃与江苏为例

A Comparison Study on Small Cities and Towns Betweed Eastern and Western China

以江苏、甘肃两省 5 6个中心小城镇的调查统计数据为基础 ,定量揭示了我国东、西部小城镇的一些主要社会、经济指标差异 ,探讨了造成差异的原因。指出要全面实现小康社会 ,要缩小城、乡差异和东、西部差异以及要顺利实现西部大开发的战略目标 ,西部小城镇的加速发展是必要条件。西部有大量相对贫困的农村剩余劳动力等待转移 ,只靠大中城市是无法吸纳他们的。由于多种条件所限 ,西部不可能发展建设东部那样许多大中城市 ,城市的规模应该小一些。西部目前迫切需要的是更多、更有活力的小城镇。西部小城镇发展虽然在地理环境和区位条件上不如东部 ,但只要在小城镇建设中注重地方特色、规划管理以及科技教育等方面的工作 ,就有可能逐步缩小与东部小城镇的差异。

Based on the statistical data that were selected from 56 central towns in Jiansu and Gansu provinces in 2001, the research we have done reveals some difference on social and economic aspects of towns between the two regions, the causes of such difference are discussed. A larger quantity of surplus labors is gushing from countryside of China, Without many towns it is impossible to absorb these labor absolutely only depending on limited large and middle cities. A flourishing development of small cities and towns in western China where most relative poorer peasants are gathering here is a prerequisite of the achievement of a real 'well off society' and successful 'western exploitation'. Though the natural and location conditions in western region are not as good as eastern region, the big gaps of towns between two regions can be reduced, if a series of measures such as scientific planing and management, new technology, industry, and education are taken into consideration during the development process of towns in western China.