贵州山区珍稀观赏植物物种多样性濒危现状及保护

Endangered Situations and Mechanist of Species Diversity of the Ornamental Plants in Guizhou Mountain Regions and Its Conservation

贵州山区是我国一个植物多样性较丰富的地区,仅野生观赏植物(含园林及行道绿化,美化树种)就有300多种,其中120多种属珍稀受危观赏物种。文章着重对36种主要珍稀濒危观赏植物的分布、生境、濒危类型、程度等进行了分析,并从观赏植物本身的生理生态习性、贵州山区生境本底的严酷性(土壤瘠薄,可有效利用的地表水匮乏等)、人类不合理干扰活动(如过渡采收、毁林垦荒等)方面探讨了该地区观赏植物多样性的受危原因。在此基础上,结合目前西部大开发中生态建设的要求,提出了该地区受危观赏植物的保护对策。

Guizhou was located in the Southwest China where the diversity of plants was considerably rich.Field survey and previous studies indicated that there were about 300 species belonging to rare ornamental plants in which more 120 species belonged to rare and endangered plants.The author took 36 kinds of rare and endangered ornamental plants in the Guizhou as an example,and analyzed their original ecological environmental conditions and current regional distributions,ornamental value and endangered degrees,explored the endangered causes of these plants due to adverse mountain habitat and irrational human being activities.Based on these analysis and requirements of ecoenvironmental construction in west development of China,the corresponding protecting countermeasures for rare and endangered ornamental plants in Guizhou Mountain Regions were suggested.