高句丽之“下户”性质考

A Textual Research into the Nature of “Paupers” in Koguryo Piao Cankui

通过全面分析《三国志》之东夷传中关于“下户”的记载 ,论证“下户”是泛指作为东夷各族社会生产主要承担者的社会基层居民 ,进而得出《三国志》所载的高句丽之“下户”是指被称之为“民”或“百姓”的高句丽五部社会的基本成员以及被征服地区的社会生产的主要承担者 ,其性质为自耕农或佃农组成的自由民 ,而不是奴隶。

By analyzing the records of “Paupers” in “History of the Three Kingdoms”, the article aims to demonstrate that the “paupers” referred to common dwellers engaged in social production in eastern ethnic tribe states, and to conclude that the “paupers” in Koguryo were the common people, that is, the main members in Koguryo's five-sector society and the major producers in the conquered area. They, who in essence belonged to freemen, were land-holding peasants or tenant-peasants, but not slaves.