俄罗斯联邦行政程序制度述评

Remarks on Russian Federation Administrative Procedure System

行政程序制度是俄罗斯联邦行政法学体系中正在形成和完善的一部分内容 ,相对于前苏联的行政程序制度已经有了较大的发展。俄罗斯行政法学者从研究行政程序的基本概念入手 ,从理论上和词语规范上理清了行政程序、行政司法程序、行政诉讼程序等基本问题 ;以 2 0 0 1年制定的《俄罗斯联邦行政违法法典》为范例 ,行政程序的原则经历了由维护国家管理向规范行政权、保障公民权的回归 ;与俄罗斯联邦建设法治国家的目标相统一 ,必将尽快结束行政诉讼与民事诉讼程序合而为一的状况 ,制定独立的行政诉讼法典 ;建立具有特色的行政法院体系或在普通法院体系中建立相对独立的行政法庭 ,是未来俄罗斯联邦行政程序制度的发展趋势。

Administrative procedure system is a part of Russian Federation administrative law system and is undertaking its formation and perfection. Compared with former USSR's administrative procedure system, it has been greatly developed. Russian experts in administrative law take doing research on basic notions of administrative procedure as its starting point and make some basic problems clear in theory and in standard of words, such as administrative procedure, administrative judicial procedure and administrative judicial proceedings procedure. Taking Administrative Illegality Law Code of Russian Federation made in 2001 as an example, the principle of administrative procedure has experienced the return from safeguarding state administration to regulating administrative power and guaranteeing rights of citizen. Conforming to Russian Federation's goal of setting up a country under the rule of law, such a problem of combining administrative judicial proceedings and civil proceedings procedure must be quickly solved and independent law code of administrative judicial proceedings must be made. It will be a developing trend to Russian Federation's administrative procedure system to set up an administrative court system with distinguished feature or set up relatively independent administrative court in general court system.