新中国图书出版的政府监管

Government Monitoring and Control of Book Publishing in the New China

建国之初,中央政府确定了中国图书出版业的计划管理体制,全面确立并构建了计划经济下图书出版业成长的基本框架;“文化大革命”的10年动乱,使图书出版事业受到了极大的破坏和摧残。改革开放以后,为适应社会主义市场经济发展的要求,我国政府逐步推行了出版管理体制和经营体制的改革,在一定程度上增强了出版单位自主经营和自我发展能力。同时,出版单位也普遍建立了以提高出版物质量为中心的多种形式的目标责任制。出版机构虽然经历了由机关而事业单位、由事业单位而事业单位企业化管理,进而初步融入市场经济的发展进程,但从总体上来看,出版业仍是属于特殊监管下的行业。随着我国社会主义市场经济的发展,面对各种挑战和问题,深化图书出版监管的改革势在必行。

After the founding of the PRC, the central government established a system for planning and administering book publication. During the Cultural Revolution publishing was grievously harmed, but since reform and opening up, the government has reformed the administration and business system for publishing in order to answer the needs of a socialist market economy, and it has enhanced the business autonomy of publishers while also establishing a responsibility system to raise the quality of publications. Publishers have shifted from bureaucratic units to corporate management, and have made initial steps into a market economy. Overall, however, publishing still comes under special monitoring. Reform of this system is inevitable as China's socialist market economy matures.