求吉藏语的语音特征

Sound Features in Tibetan Dialect Chosrje,

本文以求吉乡麻藏村口语为例,扼要介绍求吉藏语音系及其源流。麻藏话现代音系的突出特点:音节构造简单,发声类型有辨义作用,无音位调。历史音变的突出特点:古不带前置非鼻辅音之全清、全浊声母均读全浊,而带前置非鼻辅音之全浊声母清化后读气嗓音等。求吉藏语在藏语方言中之地位尚待确定。

Chosrje is an under-explored Tibetan dialect distributed in Qiuji, Axirong, Baxi, and Baozuo townships in eastern Ruo'ergai County, and perhaps also in adjacent areas in western Jiuzhaigou County. Based on first-hand data on the Mazang variety, this article presents a synopsis of the Chosrje sound system and its evolution. Modem Mazang phonology is characterized by drastically reduced syllable canon, contrastive breathy phonation, and lack of distinctive tone. Salient traits of Mazang historical phonology include merger of voiced and voiceless stops (affricates) without oral prefixes into voiced stops (affricates), and genesis of distinctive breathiness from erstwhile voiced consonant clusters. The innovative sound changes unearthed herein should provide an important key to understanding the position of the Chosrje dialect within modern Tibetan.