论生产要素的优化配置组合

On Optimized Allocation and Combination of Productive Factors

一切实体经济都直接表现为生产要素的配置组合。货币是实物的价值形态,实质上是生产要素的流动。因此,各种经济活动、经济形态本质上是生产要素的配置组合,研究生产要素的配置组合是经济学中最基本的问题。生产要素优化配置组合指配置组合的成本最低、利润最高、效益最好,可用模型表示为:经济发展=劳动×劳动力要素贡献率+资本(包括基础设施、厂房、机器等)×资本要素贡献率+土地(包括各种自然资源)×土地要素贡献率+管理(即企业家才能)×管理要素贡献率+技术×技术进步贡献率。优化配置组合的途径包括:引进要素、输出要素、激活要素、创新要素、要素再生等。实现生产要素优化配置组合必须围绕"以人为本"来进行,及时调整生产要素的配置组合方式,优化产业结构等。

All economic entity is directly related to the allocation and combination of productive factors. Money means the value of material objects, and in fact, is the circulation of the productive factors. Therefore, different kinds of economic activities and economic forms are actually the allocation and combination of productive factors, which are the most essential part in economics to be studied. The optimized allocation and combination of productive factors means the lowest cost, highest profits and best efficiency from the allocation and combination, which can be described by the model as follows: economic development = labor contribution ratio of labor force + capital (including facilities, workshops, machines, etc.) × contribution ratio of capital + land (including all sorts of natural resources) × contribution ratio of land + management (entrepreneurship) × contribution ratio of management + technology × contribution ratio of technological progress. The process of optimized allocation and combination includes: introduction of factors, exportation of factors, activation of factors, innovation of factors, regeneration of factors, etc. The realization of optimized allocation and combination of productive factors should focus on the view of 'humans as centers', adjust the pattern of allocation and combination of productive factors in time, optimize production structure, and the like.