中国南方十一座旅游名城避寒疗养气候旅游资源评估

AN EVALUATION OF CLIMATE RESOURCES OF WINTER RESORT OF ELEVEN FAMOUS TOURISM CITIES IN SOUTHERN CHINA

文章对人体健康与气候环境作了分析 ,阐明寒冷气候与呼吸道系统、心血管系统、消化道系统疾病发病率、死亡率的对应关系。运用生理气候舒适度指数 ,对中国南方 11座旅游名城的避寒气候作了横向分析比较 ,得出中国最佳避寒疗养地的区域格局 ,为开展中国冬季避寒疗养旅游提供了发展基础。

Based on analyses of human health and climatic environment, and relationships between cold climate and rate of incidence and mortality rate of respiratory tract system, cardiovascular system and digestive tract system, this paper makes a comparative study of the winter resort climate of 11 famous tourism cities in southern China using physiological climatic comfort index, and identifies regional patterns of the country's best heath resorts for cold escaping for the purpose of providing basis for developing winter resort tourism in China. Temperature, sunshine, humidity, air current and radiative condition in natural environment constitute the basic elements of the thermal environment for human existence, and it is thus referred to as climate environment or climate resource. Scholars have revealed through years’ studies that every portion of the human body is affected by thermal environment. The basic heat requirement for human comfort is to keep body temperature range from 36.5 ℃ to 37 ℃. The thermal environment evaluation should be conducted based on the law of human body reflection, and body heat reflection is a very complicated biophysical process. In neutral region (22℃—32℃), for example, normal body temperature can be maintained physiologically depending on skin blood vessel contraction and expansion. Winter resort climate emerges as the times require and will become one of the alternative ways of life for middle and aged people in seasonal climate evidently changed places of mid and high latitude zones. China's summer resort recuperation has been developed vigorously with various types of sanatoriums such as seashore, island, mountain, plateau, high latitude, etc. but with only a single type (low latitude) of winter resort. In this paper, comparisons of winter air temperature, sunshine hours, the number of strong wind days, maximum wind velocity and mean relative humidity indexes are made for 11 famous tourism cities of Haikou, Beihai, Guilin, Nanning, Jinghong, Guangzhou, Zhanjiang, Shantou, Xiamen, Shenzhen and Sanya.