经济全球化的环境困境寻根

AN RESEARCH ON THE CAUSES OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION

经济全球化就其实质而言是全球利益和资源的重新分配 ,发达国家追求全球扩张以及寻求释放外部性成本空间的欲望 ,发展中国家参与全球竞争以及谋求生存与发展的压力 ,加速了各国对自然资源的竞争和利用 ,也使越界负外部性日益增加 ,全球环境更加恶化并陷入困境。而越界污染的无主治理、发达国家的言行不一、发展中国家的无能为力和两类国家的矛盾冲突是全球环境困境的主要根源。因此 ,正视现实、寻求合作、遏制贪欲、各执其责是人类面临的现实选择。

Economic globalization is a redistribution of global interests and resources. The developed countries' motive to pursue the global economic expansion and to search for space to release external cost and the pressure which the developing countries felt from global economic competition compelled them to make use of every possible international opportunities and their own advantage of economic technology to grab and exploit international resources; All these behaviors accelerate the competition and utilization of natural resources of the world. As a result, the natural resources become scarcer and scarcer, the environmental pollution becomes more and more serious. The global environmental problem deteriorates and falls into a dilemma. The main causes of the global environmental dilemma are: (1) The lack of harness subject of trans-border pollution. The global environmental problem caused by market failure has the characteristics of trans-border diffusion, this objectively calls for a super organization which has the authority to establish and implement environmental protection policies and measures across the world, but this kind of organization at present is not existent yet; (2) The developed countries' failure to keep their promises in this issues of environmental protection, their differentiation in domestic policy and foreign policy in environmental protection issue, and the contradiction of environmental protection aim and life style all make environmental protection issue exist in name only. (3) The economic inability of the developing countries, the pressure coming from survival in the ferocious competition and the strong desire to develop make them overuse their natural resources and take over the transfer of polluting industries from the hands of west developed countries. (4) The conflicts and contradictions between these two kinds of countries in this issue are the main causes of global environmental problems. To solve the all these problems, we have to look upon these problems from the point of view of sustainable development and survival of human being, and we should face the present reality, seek for mutual cooperation, restrain people's excessive desire, and take our own responsibility.