长江黄河源区生态环境范围的探讨

Exploration of Eco-environment Range in the Source Regions of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers

在江河源区地理学与水文学界定的基础上,在明确界定源区范围四大原则与依据的前提下,文章综合分析了长江黄河源区的地貌特征、气候条件、植被分布以及水文水系特征,并在此基础上综合确定了长江黄河源区生态环境研究的范围。以达日水文站为界,以上区域为黄河流域生态环境研究的源区范围,流域控制面积约4.49×104 km2,源区为高原湖泊沼泽地貌,地形平缓,高寒半干旱气候,受水热条件控制植被主要为草原化草甸;长江流域生态环境研究的源区以聂恰曲汇口为界,流域控制面积约12.24×104 km2。长江源区为高平原丘陵地貌,地形变化和缓,气候为高寒干旱半干旱气候,因范围广阔,分布高寒草原和高寒草甸植被。

On the basis of geographical and hydrological ranges definition, four principles are determined, which are the foundation for deciding the extents of the source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow rivers, in this paper. Under the comprehensive analysis of topographical characteristics, climate conditions, vegetation distribution and hydrological features, ranges of the source regions of eco-environment study are defined. The Dari hydrological station is the eastern boundary point of the source region of the Yellow River which drains an area of 4.49×10 4 km 2 . The eastern boundary point is the convergence point of the Nieqia and the Tongtian rivers in the source region of the Yangtze River, which drains an area of 12.24×10 4 km 2 .