黑杨派杨树新无性系苗期测定

Study on growth performance of new cottonwood clones at nursery stage

从国内外引进近几年来选育出来的黑杨派(Populus aigeiros)速生优良无性系25个,在山东省进行了苗期测定。结果表明,各无性系间在苗高、地径和育苗成活率上均存在极显著差异,苗高、地径和育苗成活率的遗传变异系数分别为7.43 %,9.25 % 和18.78 %,广义遗传力分别为78.91 %,96.31 % 和95.93 %。通过苗期综合选择选出11个生长速度快、成活率中等偏上的无性系,其苗高、地径和育苗成活率的群体遗传增益分别为16.89 %,16.08 % 和13.08 %。各无性系间的苗高、地径和育苗成活率均受强遗传控制。对部分入选的无性系的生根性状和苗期生长节律进行研究,结果表明:各无性系在最早生根时间、先期根数、诱导根数和不定根总长度以及生长高峰时间出现的早晚方面也存在着一定差异。

new clones belonging to Populus aigeiros from both domestic and foreign origin were tested and selected at nursery stage in Shandong Province. Results shown that height (H), diameter at stem base (D0) and survival rate (SR) varied significantly and genetic variation was very large among the clones. CVg and broad sense heritability of H, D0 and SR were 7.43 %, 9.25 %, 18.78 % and 78.91 %, 96.31 %, 95.93 % respectively, showing high genetic control on the tested traits. 11 superior clones with characters of high growth rate and medium or high survival rate were selected and genetic gains of H, D0 and SR were estimated to be 16.89 %, 16.08 % and 13.08 % respectively. Test of rooting habits of some selected clones were also conducted based on the cutting culture in water container and growth increment measured. The date of first root emergence, number of main roots, number of lateral roots, length of main roots and the emergence date of growth peak varied to certain degree among the selected clones.