夏玉米地膜覆盖栽培的生态效应研究

The ecological effects of plastic-mulched culture on the summer maize

通过限水条件下夏玉米地膜覆盖栽培实验,研究了夏季地膜覆盖对夏玉米农大108的生态效应。田间试验表明,覆膜处理后土壤保湿能力明显增强,覆膜灌水和覆膜处理土壤耕层含水量分别比对照裸地常规灌水处理增加25.6%和14.4%;覆膜处理耕层土壤温度高于对照,平均地温差在上午8∶00最高,5cm处可达3.6℃,14∶00覆膜和对照处理温差最小,两种处理的温度变化均在根系生长的范围内;另外,耕层土壤速效磷和有机质在覆膜和覆膜灌水处理下分别增加127%、57%和8.6%、7.1%;覆膜灌水和覆膜处理下的叶片可溶性糖含量较对照增加了14.4%和14.7%,产量分别增加了11.2%和4.0%。

A field experiment was conducted to study the ecological effects of plasticmulched culture on summer maize (Zea maize L.). The results showed that plastic mulch could prevent the evaporation of water and increased soil moisture content by 14.4% and 25.6% respectively. Plastic mulch increased soil temperature but still in the range of root growth, and it also increased the content of soil organic matter and available P. Under the treatments of plastic mulch and irrigation and plastic mulch, the content of leaf soluble sugar was increased by 14.4% and 14.7% respectively, and the yield of maize was increased by 11.2% and 4% respectively.