“败家”的女人——现代文学“家”解体的内驱力和可凝固性

The internal driving forces for the dissolution of the family and its solidifiability in modern literature

“五·四”新文化运动向封建家庭制度发起了猛烈攻击 ,表现家庭解体的文学蔚然兴起。这类作品大多有一个共同点 ,就是家解体的内驱力来自女人。本文对一系列“五·四”时期文学作品进行分析 ,透视包括作家在内的时人微妙的心理 :注重个人发展 ,突破传统束缚 ,是当时人们理智上所接受的现代思潮 ,但理智上的接受与情感上的接受不可能同步实现 ,于是为了减少对心理的冲击力 ,作家们选择了外来的女人———大家庭中的媳妇承担了“败家”的责任 ,现代文学史上便出现了形形色色“败家”的女人。

In the New Culture Movement of the May Fourth Period, a major offense was launched against the institution of the feudal family, and there appeared many literary works on the dissolution of the family. A common characteristic of these works is that they tend to show that the internal driving forces for family dissolution come from women. Through an analysis of a series of literary works from this period, this paper examines the subtle mentality of people (including the authors themselves) of this period. It is argued that although the modern ideas accepted by people of this period includes an emphasis on the personal development of the individual and an attempt to break up the constraints of tradition, acceptance of such ideas at the intellectual level was not synchronized with their acceptance at the emotional level, and that in order to lessen the psychological impact of such ideas, the authors chose women from outside, i.e., daughters-in-law in extended families, to shoulder the task of 'breaking up the family', resulting in various women characters who 'break up the family' in the history of modern literature.