心理健康教育对社区居民自杀影响的随访研究

A follow-up study of suicide rate in community citizens with mental health education

目的 探讨心理健康教育与心理卫生知识对社区居民自杀的影响。方法 运用在杨浦区延吉街道的心理健康教育干预网络 ,对杨浦区 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 2年的自杀率与前 3年进行比较 ,再对区内的干预街道和对照街道进行比较 ,了解其中的差异。结果 两组自杀人数所占意外死亡比例有显著性差异 (χ2 =4 5 .86 ,P <0 .0 1)。 2 0 0 2年组的自杀率比 1999年组的自杀率有所下降 ,尤其是 6 5岁以上者下降近 5 0 % ,但是在 16岁以下组中的死亡数有所上升。结论 预防自杀必须从心理健康做起 ,提高人的应激能力 ,主动进行健康心理的干预来防治抑郁和减少自杀的发生。

Objectives It aims to confirm that promotion of mental health education is an effective to prevention of suicide in the community, and to provide available intervention strategy for decision-makers. Methods Comparing the year-suicide-rate data between earlier 3 years (1997～1999) and recent 3 years (2000～2002), and especially focused on the intervention street and control street. Results The ratio of suicide among accident death is obviously decreased (33.4% vs 54.7%, P <0.01), and suicide rate is also decreased a little bit in recent 3 years, particularly among elderly people (decreased about 50%), but in the aged less 16 years group has a slightly going up. Comparing between intervention and control streets, the rate is decreased in the intervention street while the control street has not any changes. Conclusion Promotion of mental health education in the community is the base of prevention of suicide and it can be considered as one of effective intervention strategies for suicide.