痰液炎性细胞在婴幼儿哮喘诊断中的价值

The clinical value of sputum inflammatory cells in the diagnosis of infants with asthma

目的 探讨反映气道炎症情况的痰液炎性细胞检测在婴幼儿哮喘早期临床诊断中的价值。 方法 患儿每次喘息发作时均进行诱导痰液炎性细胞检测 ,共对 3 17例患儿进行了 690例次痰液涂片检测。于患儿 4至 5岁间进行随访调查 ,凡符合儿童哮喘诊断标准者为哮喘组 ( 10 8例 ) ,否则为非哮喘组 ( 2 0 9例 )。 结果 哮喘组痰液嗜酸性粒细胞中位数为 18 1% ,与非哮喘组 (中位数为 1 3 % )比较 ,两组间差异有非常显著性意义 (u =14 3 6,P <0 0 0 1) ,两组间其他炎性细胞的差异均无统计学意义 ;哮喘组痰液嗜酸粒细胞具有明显随病情进展和发作次数增加而增加之趋势 ( χ2 =10 676,P <0 0 0 5 ) ,但非哮喘组炎性细胞均无明显的随病情进展和发作次数的增加而增加之趋势。 结论 痰液炎性细胞可能为早期诊断婴幼儿哮喘的一项重要参考指标。

Objective To explore the value of sputum inflammatory cells reflecting the state of airway inflammation in the clinical diagnosis of infants with asthma.Methods Sputum inflammatory cells were detected while every time gasping attack.690 shares sputum samples from 317 cases of asthmatic infants were detected.The study objects were investigated when their ages were from 4 to 5 years,108 cases coinciding with the diagnostic standards of children with asthma were divided into asthma group (n=108),the others were divided into non-asthma group (n=209).Results The percentage of eosinophils in sputum of the asthma group was significantly higher than that of the non-asthma group (median 18.1% vs 1.3%,u=14.36,P<0001),An increasing tendency following with the progress of patient's condition was obvious (χ\+2=10.676,P<005),but all the sputum inflammatory cells in the non-asthma group showed no increasing tendency (P>005).There were no difference of neutrophil,macrophage,lymphocyte and epithelial cells between the two groups.Conclusion Sputum in flammatory cells may be a useful marker for early diagnosis of infants with asthma.