纳米多孔无机材料的显微结构设计

Microstructure Design for Porous Inorganic Nanostructure Materials

综述了近年来在制备纳米多孔无机材料时对材料显微结构设计的一些主要思路,并结合近年来纳米多孔无机材料在能源、光电子、材料、化工等领域的实际应用,讨论了此类材料目前面临的问题和今后研究发展的方向。众多研究显示,充分发挥纳米尺寸孔的结构优势和无机材料本身优良的化学性能是此类材料开发的核心思路。对材料纳米结构的控制、梯度孔径的控制、表面修饰技术、制备工艺的优化可改善材料性能,拓展其应用领域;新型纳米多孔无机材料将朝着多种材料复合,多级结构并存的方向发展。

This paper reviews some important concepts of microstructure design in preparing inorganic nanostructure materials, and discusses their potential applications, existing problems and the future developments. Many studies show that making an efficient use of these materials' pore structure and excellent chemical properties is the main idea. The control of nanosturcture and grads aperture, the decoration of surface,and the optimitation of preparation techniques can improve performance of materials and extend their application. The development of hew types of nano porous inorganic materials will focus on multi-component and multi-structure materials.