自降解淀粉塑料膜的研制

The Development of Self—degradable Starch—plastic Film

以淀粉和PVA(聚乙烯醇)为主要原料,用流延法制造淀粉塑料膜(简称SP膜)。所得薄膜的淀粉含量为60%左右,比重0.91、厚度0.07mm、吸水率0.6%、耐热温度135℃、拉伸强度35.8～39.5MPa、断裂伸长率400～420%、撕裂强度140～150N/M。该膜作为降解地膜使用时具有与PE膜相似的保温性能,其自降解性能良好,在3～6月膜能全部降解。文中还对SP膜性能的改进、淀粉与PVA的配比、SP膜的耐水性等进行了研讨。

With starch and PVA as basic raw materials, starch—plastics film(SP film) was produced by casting method. The starch content of the SP film was absorption 60%, specific gravity 0.91, thickness 0.07mm, water absorption 0.6%, heat resistance 135℃, tensile 420%, tearing strength 140—150N/m. When used as degradable agricultural film, the SP film had the same heat retention as PE film, and good self—degradability, could be degraded within 3～6 months. The improvement on the properties of the SF film, the mixing ratio of starch and PVA, and the water resistance of the SP film were also studied in this paper.