英国的学校间竞争:十年的经验

Competition among Schools in Britain:The Ten-year Experience

自《1988年教育改革法》实施以来,向教育领域导入市场原理就成了英国教育改革的一个明显特点。研究发现,学校间日益激烈的竞争如果和绩效管理相结合,可能会提高学校的效率。但是,刺激竞争会对教育公平产生什么样的影响还是有待证实的。为了防止在追求高水平公立教育的过程中出现更大的不平等现象,必须对学校的招生情况加以管理,并且鼓励学校接纳和保留学习能力不足及有特殊需要的学生(即残疾儿童)的学生。

Since the 1988 Educational Reform Act was carried out,introducing the market theory into educational field has been an evident feature of British educational reform. Research findings in Britain suggest that increased competition among schools,if combined with performance management,may enhance schools'efficiency. However,it is untested whether the increased competition would have negative influence on schools'equity or not. In order to prevent greater inequality in the process of seeking high level of common education,the enrolment of schools must be managed,and the students who have weak learning ability and special needs should be adopted by schools.