山东省根结线虫的种类与分布

Meloidogyne Species and their Distributions in Shandong Province

于1996～2003年对山东省10地市53种植物上的根结线虫种类进行了研究。将形态特征观察和酯酶表型分析结合起来,共鉴定出5种根结线虫,包括4种最常见的种和1个未定种。在山东省,北方根结线虫和南方根结线虫分布最广,前者是露地植物上的优势种,而后者是大棚蔬菜上的优势种;花生根结线虫的分布次之,对一些树木为害较重;爪哇根结线虫的分布很有限,发育亦不良;未定种与悬铃木根结线虫MeloidogyneplataniHirschmann相似,但在寄主范围、酯酶表型和部分形态特征上有区别,它严重为害青岛的悬铃木。研究中发现,4种最常见根结线虫在形态上存在不同程度的变异,有些种群的形态特征与其典型的形态特征差别很大。鉴于此,根结线虫的准确鉴定,需要对各虫态的全部形态特征进行详尽的观察,并结合酯酶等同工酶的表型分析。

During 1996～2003, Meloidogyne species on 53 plants were investigated in 10 cities of Shandong province. With the combination of morphological study and esterase phenotype analysis, five species were detected, including 4 most common species and an unidentified one. In Shandong, M.hapla and M.incognita were most commonly distributed, the former was prevailing on outdoor plants and the latter was prevailing on the vegetables in greenhouse. M.arenaria was less popular in Shandong which mainly harmed some trees in certain regions. M.javanica was limitedly distributed with bad development in Shandong. The unidentified population was likely closed to M.platani, but they differed in host range, esterase phenotype and some morphological characteristics. The unidentified one harmed sycamore trees very much in Qingdao. In the study, morphological variations in different degrees were found in the 4 most common species, morphological characteristics of some populations were much different from those of the typical species. To reach accurate identification, thorough study of all morphological characteristics of all stages and analysis of isozymes such as esterase were needed.