论企业的二重性质

On the Dualistic Nature of Enterprise

关于企业的性质,是经济理论界长期关注的一个问题,从古典经济学到新制度经济学,对企业性质的解释是各持己见。依据马克思主义经济学的理论和方法,从社会生产的组织形式讲,企业是一种特定的分工协作形式和生产力的具体组织形式;从社会经济产权结构讲,企业表现为一种特殊的权利分配形式和生产关系的微观层次载体,因而企业是生产力和生产关系的统一体。

The nature of enterprise is a long-term concern in economic field, and there are many different points of view in classic and new systematic theories. It is pointed out the enterprise bears dualistic nature according to Marxist economics. Enterprise is a particular form of work division and a specific organizational form in terms of social production. It is also a particular form of right distribution and micro-practice of relations of production in terms of property right structure of social economy. Enterprise is the entity of productivity and relations of production.