父母离异子女精神卫生问题调查

Mental Health of Children in the Single-Parent Family due to Divorce

目的 :了解父母离异后单亲家庭子女的精神卫生状况 ,探讨其预防措施。方法 :选择天津市和平区中小学中的 12个班级 486名学生进行调查。生活在单亲家庭中的青少年 49人 ,将其组成研究组 ,采用 1∶1配对的方法组成对照组。研究组和对照组使用自制的一般情况调查表、修订的艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、自尊量表 (SES)、Achenbach氏儿童行为量表和自制的学习成绩评定表进行评定。结果 :研究组和对照组存在各种精神卫生问题分别占 98%及 14 3 % (P <0 0 1)。两组比较单亲组性格内向 (分别为 2 8 6% ,12 2 % )、外向 ( 3 8 8% ,18 4% ) ;自尊心强 ( 2 6 5 % ,14 3 % )、自尊心差 ( 2 6 5 % ,4 1% ) ;早熟( 4 0 8% ,6 1% )、冷漠 ( 4 2 9% ,2 1% )、交往不良 ( 3 4 7% ,4 1% )、敌意 ( 12 2 %、 2 1% )和违纪行为( 2 8 6% ,2 1% ) ,均显著高于双亲家庭子女组。结论 :单亲家庭子女存在较多的精神卫生问题 ,应有针对性的进行干预。

Objective:To investigate mental health status of children in the single-parent family due to divorce.Methods:Forty-night children in the single-parent family were collected, a control group was chosen according to 1:1 matched by age and sex. All subjects were assessed with Common Status Questionnaire, Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), self-esteem scale (SES), and Achenbacn's Children Behavior Assessment. We also recorded their academic achievements.Results:49 teenagers (10.1%) of the 486 investigated students were living in the single-parent family. The study group had more disorders in the mental health than the control, the rate was 98% vs. 14.3% (P<0.01). Their personality and behavior had been polarized obviously, with introvert (28.6% vs.12.2%), extrovert (38.8% vs. 18.4%); with strong self-respect (26.5% vs. 14.3%) or weak self-respect (26.5% vs. 4.1%); more of them were precocity (40.8% vs.6.1%) and indifference (42.9% vs. 2.1%).Conclusion:There are more mental problems in children of the single-parent family, they need more help.