中学生自杀意念的相关因素研究

Suicide Ideas of Middle School Students

目的 :了解普通中学生自杀意念的相关因素 ,为干预提供依据。方法 :对成都市区的中学生采取多级随机抽样法 ,对抽到的 14 2 1名中学生使用自编一般情况调查问卷、Beck抑郁问卷、青少年生活事件量表 (ASLEC)进行评估。结果 :自杀意念检出率为 2 3 5 % ( 3 2 8 13 93 )。自杀意念的危险因素有 :1 家庭因素 :父母离异、父 母去世、再婚家庭、童年期受虐待、家庭成员的暴力或自杀行为。 2 学校因素 :受同伴欺侮和欺侮别人。 3 物质滥用 :使用成瘾药物、吸烟、饮酒。 4 抑郁量表得分高。 5 青少年生活事件量表中人际关系因子、受惩罚因子得分高。 6 性别因素 :女性。自杀意念的保护因素有 :学习成绩优良、独生子女和家庭关系和睦。结论 :自杀意念在中学生中有较高检出率 ,应根据其影响因素予以积极的干预。

Objective:To study the associated factors with suicide ideas in middle school students.Method:Multiple random sample method was used in the study. 1421 middle school students in Chengdu urban area were sampled and 1393 gave effective feedback. Self-made questionnaire (including age, sex, family circumstance, experience in childhood, substance abuse, question about suicide ideas, etc.), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC) were applied to the students.Results:328 (23.5%) of the 1393 have suicide ideas. The risk factors of suicide ideas included: 1) family factors: parents' divorce, father/mother's passing away, remarried family, experienced abuse in childhood, violence or suicide behavior of family member. 2) school factors: bullying or being bullied. 3) substance abuse: smoking, drinking and addictive drugs abuse. 4) high score of BDI. 5) high score in inter-person relation factor and being punished factor of ASLEC. 6) sex factor: female. Protecting Factors of suicide ideas included better achievement in school, singleton in family and harmony of family member.Conclusion:Suicide ideas were not rare in middle school students. Clinicians and teachers should discover and try to prevent possible suicide as early as possible.