粘性水灭火剂性能试验及灭火机理研究

Study on the Properties and Extinguishing Mechanism of Viscous Water Extinguishant

水是常用灭火剂 ,但流失严重 ,灭火效率不高。在水中加入添加剂 ,提高水在固体表面的粘附性 ,减少流失 ,可显著提高灭火速度。笔者提出了应具有屈服假塑性流体特性的粘性水灭火剂 ,能在物体表面形成稳定的覆盖层 ,并具有较低的输送阻力。在水中加入 0 .4 %的KD - 1型添加剂 ,制成的粘性水灭火剂就具有上述的流体力学特性 ,该粘性水可在固体表面形成 1～ 5mm的稳定覆盖层。在木材火灾灭火试验中 ,粘性水的灭火时间是水灭火的 1/ 4。笔者还研讨了粘性水灭火剂的灭火机理 ,并指出该灭火剂适用的范围和开发前景。

Water is widely used as the extinguishing agent. But water may easily run off from the fire zone, its extinguishing efficiency is rather low. When an additive is added to water, it becomes more adhesive to solid surface, and the amount of run off will be reduced, and the extinguishments will speed up. In this study, a viscous water extinguishant is developed. The extinguishant is a pseudo plastic fluid with yield stress. It has strong adhesion to solid surface and a low resistance when flowing through the pipeline, and it is easy to spray out. The viscous water extinguishant is prepared by adding 0.4 wt % of the additive KD-1 to water. The extinguishing experiments show that it has excellent extinguishing effect upon the wood fire. The extinguishing time of the viscous water is only one quarter of that of water. Its extinguishing mechanism is also studied.