异病同治理论在中医研究中应用的思考

Some Ideas in Application of Treating Different Diseases with Same Therapeutical Principles to Studies of TCM

异病同治是指不同的疾病,当出现同样的病理状态(病机)时,可采用同样的方药进行治疗。中医证是疾病发生发展过程中某一阶段的病理概括,由若干相关的宏观和微观指标组成。根据“异病同治”理论,发展多脏器(肝、肾、肺、心等)等脏器纤维化,有内有的共同发病规律,可以采用相同的治则及方药进行治疗。通过研究中药复方抗多脏器纤维化的作用,揭示其基本作用原理和多脏器纤维化病理机制,研究中药复方的物质基础,寻求中药及其复方活性评价方法和剂型优化的方法,从而丰富和发展中医药的理论。要把中医药理论的特色和优势同现代中医药研究密切结合起来,发展中医理论,最终实现中医理论现代化。

The theory of treating different diseases by the same therapeutic principles means that different diseases can be treated with the same therapy when they have the same pathologic state (pathologic mechanisms). The syndromes in TCM indicate the pathologic generalization of a stage in the progress of the occurrence and development of diseases, which are composed of a number of interrelated macroscopic and microcosmic indications. In accordance with this theory, the fi-brosis of various visceral organs, such as liver, kidney, lungs and heart has its inherent and common pathogenesis and therefore, it can be treated by similar therapeutic principles as well as prescriptions and medicines. In the process of the study on the treatment of the fibrosis of various visceral organs with compound prescriptions of TCM, the principles of the basic functions of the treatment and the pathologic mechanisms of fibrosis may be brought to light, the material foundation of TCM prescriptions be explored, and the methods for the evaluation of the activities of TCM and its prescriptions as well as the optimization of the forms of prescriptions be found so that the theories of TCM may be Enriched and developed. The authors of the article think it necessary to closely integrate the characteristics and advantages of TCM theories with the study of modern TCM so as to develop TCM theories and realize their modernization in the end.