从抒情主体的转移看词“别是一家”

Seeing the Word Which Belongs Another Family From lyric Subject Shift

抒情主体的转移是文学创作中的一种普遍的现象。本文从抒情主体转移的角度,来考察词“别是一家”的文体特质。首先,比较了诗、词中抒情主体转移现象的异同,由于“词为艳科”的传统观念所限制,导致了词的抒情主体以歌妓为主。其次,本文从文化背景和创作主体两个角度,考察这种现象之所以形成。认为:燕乐风俗、歌妓制度是词之抒情主体转移的文化背景;文人士大夫的双重性格是词的抒情主体转移的必要条件。最后,分析了花间词和“花间范式”,认为“花间范式”是抒情主体转移所造成的词体定型,由于后代词人皆以花间词为“鼻祖”,由此确定了词的那种“要眇宜修”、幽隐深微的文体特质。

The shift of lyric subject is a common phenomenon in the literary creation.From this angle,the thesis examines the lyric character of the word “belonging another family”.Firstly,the author compares the different and same phenomena of poems and words in the shift of lyric subject.Limited by the traditional concept,words are colorful subjects,the lyric subject of the word mainly results in singing girls and prostitutes.Secondly,the thesis checks the formation of the phenomenon from the cultural background and creative subject.It is believed that the custom of court music and the system of singing-girls and prostitutes are the cultural background of the lyric subject shift.The dual characters of scholar-officlals are the essential condition of the lyric subject shift of the word.Finally,the author analyses Huajian words and Huajian pattern.He thought that Huanjian pattern is word fixed pattern created by lyric subject shift.Because the later master always treated Huajian words as originator,it thus determines deep and quiet style characteristic.