论《鹖冠子》的黄老之学

A Study on the Theories of Huang-Lao in Heguanzi

《鹖冠子》的黄老政治学说,实是一个“法”、“术”、“势”、“时”兼容并蓄的理论体系。它推崇法治,认为应当集权中央,这表明了其时代的进步性;它讲究道术,发展了道家“君人南面”和“治官理民”之术;它强调“时”的思想,使其黄老学说蕴涵着丰富的辩证法思想;它推崇“势”,但更多的融入了为政与民的思想,而非法家提倡的“刻薄寡恩、冷酷威严”之势。可以说:《鹖冠子》一书的出现标志着战国以来黄老政治理论的成熟。

In This article I demonstrate the political theories of Huang-Lao in Heguanzi and regard the theory as a system which conform laws,methods,potentials and opportunities.The book commends the law government and believes authorities should be centralized.But the meaning of laws in Heguanzi is laws of Tao.This is different from the thought of pure law schools in legislative foundation.The meaning of methods in Heguanzi is the skills of governor and government.The meaning of potentials in Heguanzi is similar to Shendao's thoughts,which acts with nature and pays attention to objective matter, different from Hanfei's thoughts,whose core is acerbity and stateliness.The thought of opportunities in Heguanzi makes it contain rich dialectic thoughts.I think the appearance of Heguanzi was a symbol of maturity about Huang-lao political theory.