厦门西港表层沉积物的化学特征

Chemical characteristics of surface sediment in West Xiamen Harbour

本文根据1990年厦门西港重要站点的表层沉积物中的重金属(Fe、Mn、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Hg)、有机污染物(总有机碳、石油、DDT、666)和磷(无机磷、有机磷和总磷)等测定资料,讨论了它们的地球化学性质及环境影响。结果表明,沉积物中Pb和Zn含量明显偏高,Pb、cu含量与1983年相比已有一定积累,也产生了有机污染现象。

Investigation of surface sediments at key sites in Xiamen Harbour was carried out in 1990 with the following results:1. A certain accumulation of Pb and Cu has been found, as compared with 1983. The contents of Pb and Zn are noticeably high, which are dominated by the influence of local small-sized mining with the civic drainage as the secondary. Half of Mn,Pb and 1/3 of Cd and Cu in sediments were found in acid-soluble phase and Fe,Zn and Hg mainly in lattice structure.2. The organic matter in sediments accounts for about 2%,higher than that from adjacent sea areas. The petroleum hydrocarbon at most sites amounts to 200×10^(-6) and DDT over 20×10^(-9) which are also obviously higher than that in neritic sediments from Fujian province. These results suggest a clear accumulation of organic pollutants in West Xiamen Harbour.3. The phosphorus content in sediments ranges between 473×10^(-6) to 738×10^(-6) similar to that in sediments from Yuandang Lake,suggesting that the phosphorus in sediment is liable to release to water body even in severely polluted environments. The distinctly lower OP/IP ratio in sediments from Yuandang Lake,as compared to that from West Xiamen Harbour,indicate that the sedimentary conditions in Yuandang Lake are favourable to the transformation of particulate organic phosphorus to inorganic one.