193例戒毒者人格类型及其与自尊、社会支持和应对策略的关系

193 Drug Abstainers' Personality Types and Relationships Among Personality Types and Self-Esteem, Social Support, and Coping Strategies

以 193名戒毒者为被试 ,运用问卷法和对数线性模型调查和分析了戒毒者个人背景及其与戒毒行为的关系 ,通过聚类分析概括出戒毒者的三种人格类型 ,并探讨了不同人格类型戒毒者在自尊、社会支持、应对策略上的特点及其关系。结果表明 :⑴中低教育程度与中低经济收入显著正相关 ;男性所估计的戒毒时间远远少于女性 ;吸毒时间越长 ,复吸的可能性越大。⑵外向冲动型戒毒者的自尊水平最高 ,其次是内向顺从者 ,身心障碍者的自尊水平显著低于外向冲动者。⑶身心障碍者对支持的主观体验和利用程度越高 ,所采取的面对策略越多 ;所获得的支持越多 ,越少采取屈服策略。而内向顺从者和外向冲动者对所获支持的满意程度越高 ,越少采取面对策略 ;对支持的利用程度越高 。

The present study examined the drug background of 193 drug abstainers through questionnairs, and analyzed the relationship between their background and behavior by means of the Log-Linear Model. There were three personality types generalized by Cluster Analysis. And the authors probed into the characteristics and the relationships of the abstainers' variables, such as personality types, self-esteem, social support and coping strategies. The results indicated that ⑴ low and intermediate level education was positively correlated with low and medium level income. The male predicted a shorter period of time for giving up drugs than the female did. The longer the time for drug abuse was, the more likely the drug re-abuse was. ⑵ The level of the physical-mental handicap's self-esteem was lower than that of the other two, and the extroversion-impulse was the highest among the three. ⑶ The greater the physical-mental handicap subjectively experienced and degrees of use, the more confrontation strategies they adopted. And the more support they were given, the less resignation strategies were taken. But the more content the diffidence-obedient and extroversion-impulsive abstainers were with the given support, the less confrontation strategies they would take. And the more support they had, the more resignation strategies they would adopt.