地方政府与地方城镇发展——城市规划难以回避的一个体制问题

LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND LOCAL TOWN DEVELOPMENT

我国城镇的发展很大程度上受其在行政序列中的地位的影响 ,地方政府① 与中央政府之间存在着复杂、微妙和动态的关系。文章通过对历史的回顾和相关理论的梳理 ,提出适当地“分权”会更有利于提供适合地方偏好的公共物品 ,有利于“企业化”政府思想的确立 ,同时 ,政府权力向地方、市场和社会的适当转移有利于建立良性的地方治理机制 ,也有利于地方政府更有效地调动经济和社会资源 ,这对于当前我国地方城镇 ,尤其是小城镇的建设有十分重要的意义。同时提出 ,由于城镇规划的政策意义和政府行为特征 ,城镇规划应当内在于政府体制的改革过程中 ,并与体制的变革相适应。

The development of towns in China is to great extent influenced by their position in the administrative hierarchy, so local government and central government share a complicated, subtle and dynamic relation. Through the review of related history and theories, this paper argues that proper power division will help provide public goods to local people catering to their own preference, and help establish entrepreneurial government. At the same time, reasonable transition of central government power to local government, market and society will help found good local administration system, help local government integrate economic and social resources. It is quite important for construction of local towns especially small towns in China. It also argues that the town planning should keep updating with government reform, because town planning is to some degree a government action and it is always influenced by government policies.