不良生活方式与高血压病的流行病学调查分析

A prevalence survey for correlation between unhealthy way of living and hypertensive disease

目的:调查不良生活方式对高血压发病的影响。方法:以国际通用血压测量方法对全区15 384人进行整群随机抽样调查,着重对有、无不良生活方式的两组人群进行高血压患病率调查,及相对危险度(RR)、归因危险度(AR)、人群归因危险度(ARp)、U检验等的检测,以及相关及多元回归分析。结果:食盐量≥12 g/d高血压患病率31.6％,<12 g/d的为 4.4％(P<0.001,RR 7.3,AR 27.3,ARp 57.2％,r=0.8517);BMI>24高血压患病率 23.2％,<24者 6.4％(P<0.001,RR 3.7,AR 16.9,ARp 37.2％,r=0.3215);肥胖患病率 34.7％,无肥胖8.1％(P<0.001,RR 4.3,AR 26.6％,ARp 19.7％,r=0.3529);油腻饮食高血压患病率14.8％,非油腻饮食8.7％(P<0.001,RR1.7,AR 6.1,ARp 13.9％,r=0.3853);吸烟高血压患病率 12.5％,非吸烟 9.2％(P<0.001,RR1.4,AR 3.3,ARp 8.3％,r=0.8403);饮酒患病率 12.7％,非饮酒 9.4％(P<0.001,RR1.35,AR 3.3,ARp6.7％,r=0.4650)。为进一步了解各危险因子与高血压患病率之间的数量关系和对高血压影响作用的大小,对所有对象用年龄(15～80岁)进行了分组,龄差1岁,共66组,多元回归结果为:偏相关系数0.3775～0.0809,建立的统计模型达到极显著水平(P<0.001),复相关系数0.9525。6个回归因子中按对高血压患病率影响(偏相关系数)大小排序:?

To investigate the influence of unhealthy way of living on the pathogenesis of hypertension. Methods: International conventional sphygmomanometry was used to carry out cluster random sampling survey of hypertension and the prevalence rate of hypertension as well as RR, AR, ARp, U test in whole district population (15 384 persons). Correlation and multiple regression analyses were emphatically carried out between with and without unhealthy way of living. Results : The prevalence rate of hypertension was 31. 6% in those cases whotake salt ≥12 g/d, but it was 4.4% in those cases who take salt <12 g/d (P<0. 001, RR 7. 3, AR 27. 3, ARp 57.2%, r = 0.8517); The prevalence rate was 23. 2% when BMT>24, but it was 6.4% when BMK24 (P<0. 001, RR 3. 7, AR 16. 9, ARp 37. 2%,r = 0. 3215); The prevalence rate was 34. 7% in obesity group, but it was 8. 1% in no-obesity group (P<0. 001, RR 4. 3, AR 26. 6, ARp 19. 7%, r=0. 3529); The prevalence rate was 14. 8% in greasy food diet group, but it was 8. 7% in no-greasy food diet group (P<0. 001, RR 1. 7, AR 6. 1, ARp 13. 9%, r=0.3853); The prevalence rate was 12. 5% in smoking group, but it was 9. 2% in no-smoking group (P<0. 001, RR 1. 4, AR 3. 3, ARp 8. 8% , r=0. 8403) ; The prevalence rate was 12. 7% in drinking alcohol group, but it was 9. 41% in no-drinking alcohol group (P<0. 001, RR 1. 4, AR 3. 3, ARp 6. 7% , r=0. 4650). To further investigate the quantity relationship between these risk factors and the prevalence rate hypertension, the population was divided into 66 groups according to age (15-80 years old) with one-year age interval. Multiple regression analysis shows that partial correlation coefficients were 0. 377-0. 0809 and the statistical model reaches very significant level (P< 0.001, coefficient of multiple correlation is 0. 9525). The data of partial correlation coefficient indicated the influence of these 6 factors on the prevalence rate of hypertension in order was salt quantity>smoking >drinking alcohol>BMI> obesity>greasy food diet. Conclusion: Hypertension is probably due to long-tem influence of pathogenic factors from unhealthy way of living