控制锻件变形均匀性的预成形优化设计

变形均匀性是衡量锻件质量的一个重要指标 ,该文采用基于灵敏度的正向模拟优化法 ,采用自己编制的程度 ,以控制终锻件变形均匀性为目标 ,预成形模具控制点的坐标作为优化设计变量 ,对典型的高宽比H B =1 0的H形锻件的预成形模具形状进行了优化设计。给出了目标函数及其灵敏度的表示方法 ,解决了优化过程中的网格再划分问题 ,并给出了优化设计的实例 ,最后提出了一种以单元体积代替单元数目为衡量指标的变形均匀因子法来衡量优化结果 。

The deforming uniformity is an important factor of the forging. The perform die shape of an H shaped forging with the ratio of height to width 1.0 is optimized using the self developed software. The forward simulation optimization method based on the finite element method is used as the optimization method. To increase the deform uniformity of the forging,the deform uniformity of the forging is used as the optimization objective. The coordinate of the control point of the perform die shape which is expressed by the cubic B spline is used as the optimization design variable. The objective function and the sensitivity of the objective function to the optimal design are given. The mesh re division is solved during the optimization process. The optimal design example is given too. In order to express the optimal results more exactly,a new deform uniformity factor using the element volume instead of the number is presented.