由“国家控制的模式”向“国家监督的模式”转变——大学与政府关系发展的基本走向

The Transition from "Pattern of State's Control" to "Pattern of State's Supervision

国外有学者在分析大学与政府的关系、特别是政府对大学的影响时 ,归纳出这样两种模式∶即“国家控制的模式”和“国家监督的模式”。 2 0世纪 80年代以来 ,随着市场经济体制的逐步建立和高等教育体制改革的不断深入 ,我国大学与政府的关系也发生了某些重要的变化 ,从一定意义上讲 ,正在由“国家控制的模式”向“国家监督的模式”转变。但是 ,由于市场尚处于发展与完善的过程之中 ,人们在大学与政府关系问题上长期形成的思维定式以及制度惯性仍在发挥着作用 ,因此在模式转变过程中政府如何发挥作用、高校如何自主办学 。

For analyzing the relation between university and government, especially the government's influence on university, 'pattern of state's control' and 'pattern of state's supervision' are induced by a foreign scholar. In China, some changes have occurred in the relation between university and government with the system of market economy established and the reform of higher education put forward gradually since 1980's. The changes are a reflex of the transition of the patterns. In the process of the transition of the patterns, two problems be solved are as follows: (1) how does the government carry out its functions; (2) how do the universities administrate and operate autonomically?