汉字形义统一性的发生、发展与功能论

Discuss the Unity of Occurrence, Development and Function about Chinese Character

汉字的形义统一性源自原初造字时的"因义赋形",在发展过程中,汉字也始终保持这种特性。这一方面是受文字发展定律的影响,同时也因认知主体对汉字形义统一特性的适配和规约。汉字的形义统一性是历史的,经历了由具体单一到抽象系统这样一个发展过程。在维持形义统一性上,汉字主要采用新造异体字、新造分化字、对形体结构重新解释等手段。形义统一性又反作用于汉字,一方面赋予汉字以顽强的生命力,同时又在维系形义统一性的过程中造就了大量形声字,从而极大地提升了汉字的系统性。

The unity of form and meaning about Chinese Character originates from creation form according to the meaning of characters at first. And in the history of development, Chinese Character always keeps this feature. On one hand, it is influenced by the character development law; on the other hand, it is restrained by cognitive agent. The unity of form and meaning about Chinese Character is historical: In the time when the main Chinese Character structure applies pictographic method, associative method and indicative method, the contact of Chinese Character shape with meaning is very directly; but in the time when the main structure uses Picto-phonetic method, the contact of Chinese Character shape with meaning is very abstract. To maintain the unity of form and meaning, Chinese Characters are usually formed by creating new Picto-phonetic character, new differentiated graph, and by reinterpreting the body structure. The unity of form and meaning has much influence on Chinese Character, giving strong vitality to Chinese characters, creating many Picto-phonetic characters in the process of keeping the unity of form and meaning about Chinese Character, thus promoting the systematicness of Chinese Character. At the same time, the unity of form and meaning about Chinese Character makes it possible to search for the body rheological by meaning, conversely, also possible to search for the meaning by body rheological.