基于公交IC卡数据的城市空间活动多中心性

Polycentricity of urban structure based on smart card data

城市的空间结构以及功能布局一直以来是城市规划相关学科关注的重点,城市中心带+多个城市副中心的空间布局结构业已成为目前中国大中型城市普遍的规划发展方向。基于上海市轨道交通IC卡数据,通过空间聚类方法对上海城市空间活动联系的多中心结构进行定量分析。分析结果确定了人民广场中心、陆家嘴中心以及静安寺中心等8个城市空间活动中心,与城市总体规划中东西走向的经济发展轴带的预期设想保持基本一致,而4个规划确立的城市副中心(徐家汇地区、真如地区、花木地区以及五角场地区)的发展还尚未完全成熟。研究结果有效识别了城市空间活动联系的多中心结构、提取了相关空间活动特征,并有助于在多中心空间活动环境下对城市交通系统未来的发展方向进行判断与分析。

This paper addressed an analysis of the polycentricity of urban structure by the use of rail-transit smart card data collected from Shanghai public transportation card system.Focusing on the activities of individuals in Peak-hours on weekdays,a clustering method was applied to determinate the polycentricity of urban spatial structure.Then People's Square Center,Jing'an Temple Center and the other 6centers were defined.A comparison between the determinate centers and the planned counterparts in Shanghai Master Plan was made.The results indicate that most determinate centers are covered by the planned urban economic belt,however,the planned urban sub-centers including Xujiahui Area,Zhenru Area,Huamu Area and Wujiaochang Area,seem to be not functionaly compared with the determinate ones.The research results effectively identify the structure of city space activities,extract the feature of space activities and contribute to the development of future urban transportation system.2figs,10 refs.