考虑期望速度的减速限制规则的元胞自动机模型

Effects of the anticipation velocity on the cellular automaton model with slow-to-stop rule

为了同时避免紧急制动问题和提高最大交通流量,将期望速度引入减速限制规则中,提出一个新的元胞自动机模型;将其与原有的NaSch模型和加入减速限制的NaSch模型进行对比。仿真结果表明:在避免紧急制动的同时,最大流量和临界密度都有了一定程度地提高,对应的自由流区域增加,车辆在中密度情况下的平均速度也相应增加;另外,期望速度的引入避免了车辆的过度减速行为,降低了车辆在一个时间步内的加减速频率,避免了大量空白元胞的出现,提高了道路的利用率。

In order to better simulate the real traffic with high capacity and infrequent emergency brake,an anticipation velocity was introduced in the slow-to-stop rule to ease road congestion and increase road capacity.The simulations were carried out in terms of flux,average velocity,timespace diagram and the acceleration frequency.The results show that the proposed rule plays a good role to avoid emergency brake,and it increases the maximal flux and the critical density of congestion.Moreover,the free flow area is enlarged and the average velocity in the case of medium density increases,meaning that cars can keep maximum velocity in a larger density.Furthermore,the proposed model avoids the occurrence of excessive deceleration and decreases the frequency of acceleration(or deceleration)at each time step.7figs,13 refs.