认知语法视角下的颜色词研究:以英语战争诗语料为例

Color terms of English war poems from the perspective of cognitive grammar

颜色意象在给黑白的字里行间增添色彩的同时,往往蕴含丰富寓意,是诗人思想感情的重要载体。基于自建英语战争诗语料库,文章借助Langacker的认知语法理论对颜色词相关的语法转喻、隐喻现象进行研究发现:1)不同词性颜色词存在本质上的差别,同形词之间的互相转化是颜色词转喻的一个方面;2)英语战争诗中存在实物转喻颜色特征、颜色特征转喻实物、颜色转喻人类情感等转喻现象;3)颜色词主要通过定冠词+颜色词(1<x<3)构式和IN+颜色词构式衍生出来的无定冠词惯用搭配两种机制转喻指称客观存在;4)英语战争诗中存在容器、空间以及路径—目标图式隐喻;5)颜色词内部各组成成分、颜色词与其外部修饰词及被修饰词之间存在不同程度的对应关系。

Color images may add some colors to the black and white and contain rich meanings,being crucial carriers of poets’thoughts and feelings.On the basis of a self-built English war poem corpus,this article characterizes the metonymical and metaphorical phenomenons concerning the grammatical aspects of the color terms.The findings are as followed:1)color terms of different grammatical categories differ in nature and the mutual conversion of homonymy color terms is one side of color term metonymy;2)color term metonymy existing in the English war poems realize through ways like entity to color,color to entity,color to human emotion and others;3)color terms are used to refer to objective existence mainly through two metonymical mechanisms:the construction of DEFINITE ARTICLE+COLOR TERMS(1<x<3)and zero definite article idiomatic collocation derived from the construction of IN+COLOR TERMS;4)English war poems exist CONTAINER,SPACE and PATH-GOAL schema metaphors;and 5)components within the color terms,and color terms and their external modifiers as well as the modified correspond to a certain degree.