《皇清职贡图》所绘清代土族图像解析

Image Analysis of Qinghai Tuzu in Gongtu of Emperor Qing Dynasty

清乾隆时期,清廷为了解境内外民族的分布与文化特点,组织绘制了《皇清职贡图》。通过分析其中所绘清代土族先民形象,可以认为清代土族先民一直在与周边汉、藏、蒙古、回、撒拉等民族交往、交流、交融。他们在体貌特征上接近北方游牧民族,服饰上则与内地汉人趋同,清代河湟地区各民族在血缘上、文化上呈现出"你中有我,我中有你"的特点。

During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty,in order to understand the distribution and cultural characteristics of different Minzu at home and abroad,the official organization drew Gongtu of Emperor Qing Dynasty. Authors in this paper analyse the characters of the Tu ancestors in the Qing Dynasty depicted in the painting and hold that the Tu ancestors in the Qing Dynasty exchanged and mingled with the neighboring Han,Tibetan,Mongolian,Hui and Salar people.Their physiognomy is similar to that of the nomadic people in the north,while their clothing is similar to that of the Han people in the mainland. Different Minzu in the Hehuang area in the Qing Dynasty showed the characteristics of both with each other in blood relationship and culture.