神经管畸形影响因素的病例对照研究

Case-control study of influencing factors on neural tube defects

目的:探讨神经管畸形(neural tube defects,NTDs)发生的相关因素,为及时预防和干预提供理论依据。方法:采用1∶1匹配的病例对照研究,对174例NTDs患儿的母亲和174例正常儿的母亲进行回顾性调查,运用SPSS 22.0软件进行单因素和多因素统计分析。结果:多因素Logistic回归结果示:母亲职业危险因素(OR=2.28)、既往缺陷儿史(OR=6.95)、母亲发热(OR=2.02)、被动吸烟(OR=2.59)和食用发芽土豆(OR=1.91)是NTDs的危险因素,而食用肉蛋奶(OR=0.71)和孕期叶酸应用(OR=0.60)是保护因素。结论:母亲职业危险因素、既往缺陷儿史、母亲发热、被动吸烟和食用发芽土豆是NTDs的危险因素,食用肉蛋奶和孕期叶酸应用是NTDs的保护因素。

Objective:To discuss the related factors of neural tube defects(NTDs),and to provide theoretical basis for timely prevention and intervention.Methods:A 1∶1 matched case-control study was conducted,and 174 mothers of children with NTDs and 174 mothers of normal children participate were investigated retrospectively.SPSS 22.0 software was used for univariate and multivariate statistical analysis.Results:The results of multivariate Logistic regression showed that mother occupational risk factors(OR=2.28),history of previously deficient children(OR=6.95),maternal fever(OR=2.02),passive smoking(OR=2.59),and consumption of germinated potatoes(OR=1.91)were risk factors of NTDs,meat,egg,milk(OR=0.71)and folic acid application during pregnancy(OR=0.60)were protective factors.Conclusion:Mother occupational risk factors,history of previous deficient children,maternal fever,passive smoking,and consumption of germinated potatoes are risk factors for NTDs.Meat,egg,milk and folic acid application during pregnancy are protective factors for NTDs.