陕西土遗址保护现状及对策研究

Shaanxi Earthen Sites Protection Present Situation and Countermeasure Research

陕西省有着十分丰富的土遗址资源,具有分布广、数量多、面积大、等级高,类型多样,跨越历史长、保存历史序列完整,保存环境从干旱区、半干旱区、半潮湿区到潮湿区皆有分布,建造技术多样,建筑材料以黄土、粘土为主,保存状况复杂等特点。分析表明,陕西土遗址保护存在预防性保护不足、保护技术还不成熟、价值研究深度不够,核心价值研究不清,保护和经济发展不协调等问题,其未来保护应着眼于理念创新、技术创新、研究深入、整体规划、统一部署、加大科技保护力度。

Shaanxi Province is abundant in earthen sites,featuring a wide distribution and a large quantity,covering a huge area;They are of high-class level and great diversity,with a span of a long history.They are so well preserved that they still remain intact.The sites scatter in a range of semi-moist areas and wet areas as well as arid areas and semiarid areas.The sites were built in diverse ways and their building materials were various,with loess and clay in the main.Lastly,their present preservation state is complex and not balanced.Based on careful analyses,the three deciding factors of their poor present preservation state are as follows:lack of adequate preventivemeasures,immature protection techniques and skin-deep study of their existing values,indistinct study of their core values,incompatible protection with economical development.For future preservation policy,Shaanxi should place enough emphasis on the following aspects:sticking to concepts of innovation,adhering to creativity of skills,carrying on indepth studying,making overall planning,making unified deployment and putting great efforts in science&technology-based conservations.