对燕下都人头骨丛葬性质与成因的初步探讨

The Research on the Origin of the Head Burials in Yanxiadu Site

在燕下都城址南2.5千米处有人头骨丛葬14座,对于其性质大体有'子之之乱'后'献首封祭'说、乐毅伐齐后筑'京观'说、秦灭燕战争中屠杀说、秦开东征后以敌首献祭说等。结合历史文献和考古资料分析这些观点的合理性,可以发现秦开东征后以敌首献祭说能最好地契合历史事实,其他观点虽能与部分文献和实物资料相印证,但均有明显的难以自圆其说之处。

On the origin of the 14 head burials at the south of Yanxiadu Site,there are various explanations,such as sacrificing with heads after the Chao of Zizhi,the monument built by Yueyi after suppressing Qi,the massacre by Qin when Yan was destroyed,and also the sacrifice ager the Eastward expedition of Qinkai,etc.This paper,according to historic documents and archaeological study,claims that the Eastward expedition of Qinkai has the closest relationship with the origin of these burials,while others,which can meet some of the historic documents and archaeological remains,have difficulties to meet all the facts about the burials.