摘要
2012、2013年在宝鸡石鼓山墓地发掘的M3、M4两座竖穴壁龛墓非常有代表性,即两座墓葬规模相似,均有熟土二层台,高于二层台的东、北、西三面设壁龛,南面无壁龛。以往在关中地区虽然也有类似的发现,但是在讨论墓葬形制与族属的关系方面显得并不太严谨。本文通过梳理不同类型的竖穴壁龛墓,结合这种墓葬形制的起源和传播来探讨壁龛作为一种表现身份等级的产物,并不是体现姜姓戎人的一种葬俗特征,并推测石鼓山墓地的族属可能与碾子坡文化有着一定联系。
In 2012 and 2013, tomb No. 3 and No. 4 were excavated in Shigushan site, Baoji. These two tombs have a lot in common. They are in the same size,and with racking platform made of processed soil.Above the platform, niches are digged on three sides of the wall, except the south side. Although similar remains are found in Guanzhong region, the discussion about the relationship betwen tomb structure and ethnic group is still not done. This paper analyzes different types of pit tombs with niche, and explores the origin and spread of this kind of tomb. As a symbol of social status, the niche is not a burial characteristic of the ethnic group surnamed Jiang. Then the paper points out that the ancestors in Shigushan site may have some communication with the ethinic group of Nianzipo Culture.
作者
胡嘉麟
Hu Jialin;Bronze Department of Shanghai Museum
关键词
石鼓山
壁龛墓
关中地区
考古学文化
Shigushan
Tombs with niche
Guanzhong region
Archaeological culture
