狮头柑籽油提取工艺及脂肪酸组成研究

Extraction Technology and Fatty Acid Composition of Shitougan Seed Oil

为探索狮头柑籽油的提取工艺,给生产利用提供理论依据及技术方法。在优选了提取溶剂及单因素试验基础上,对料液比、提取时间、提取温度3因素运用中心组合(Box-Benhnken)试验设计进行狮头柑籽油提取技术研究。提取狮头柑籽油的适宜溶剂为乙醚;确定了狮头柑籽油索氏提取的优化工艺条件为:料液比1∶100(g/mL),提取温度49℃,提取时间7h,并拟合出狮头柑籽油得率的预测模型(R^2=0.985 9)。采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)鉴定出狮头柑籽油中的脂肪酸组分,包括油酸、亚油酸、棕榈酸、花生酸等9种,其中亚油酸含量最高,达72.00%。研究提出的工艺技术可用于狮头柑籽油的提取生产,出油率可达37.61%。

This study aimed to explore the extraction technology of seed oil of Citrusreticulatacv.Manau Gan fruit(shitougan)to provide theoretical basis and technical methods for its production and utilization.Based on optimizing the extraction solvent and the result of single factor experiments,three factors,including solid-liquid ratio,extraction time,and extraction temperature were applied to the Box-Benhnken design principle.The results showed that diethyl ether was the suitable solvent for extracting shitougan seed oil,and the otimize process conditions of extraction shitougan seed oil were obtained as solid-liquid ratios:1∶100(g/mL),extraction temperature:49℃,extraction time:7 h.The prediction model for the yield of shitougan seed oil(R^2=0.985 9)was simulated.Fatty acid composition of shitougan seed oil was analyze by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Nine kinds of fatty acid component were identified,including oleic acid,linoleic acid,palmitic acid and arachidic acid,etc.The highest fatty acid component was linoleic acid(72.00%).The research and technology proposed could be used for the extraction and production of shitougan seed oil,with the oil yield of 37.61%.