维吾尔移民内迁与清代河西走廊西部灌溉秩序的演化

Uygur Immigrant Moving and the Irrigation Order Evolution of Western Hexi Corridor

清代雍正、乾隆年间,吐鲁番、哈密维吾尔民众为躲避战祸而一度迁入河西走廊西部地区,清廷为安置这批维吾尔移民,进行了一系列与水利有关的工程营造与制度改革,从而深刻影响了区域灌溉秩序。工程营造使河西走廊西部地区的水系渠系发生重大变化,制度改革使这一区域不再“复制”中东部水利共同体而形成准军事化的水利管理模式。维吾尔移民迁回故地后,特殊的水利秩序仍然集中以“皇渠”为载体延续,并经过改造成为当地汉族民众日常生活的重要组成部分。

During Yongzheng and Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, the Turpan and Kumul Uygur had moved to Western Hexi Corridor to escape from war. To resettle the Uygur immigrant, Qing government implemented a series of irrigation project construction and institutional reform which had deeply influenced the area Irrigation order. The project construction brought great changes to the river system and canal system of Western Hexi Corridor; And the institutional reform made this area no longer a copy of mid-east region, and developed its own paramilitary irrigation pattern. After Uygur immigrant moved back to their original residence, the special irrigation order has continued by the "royal canal",and it became a very important part of Han people’s daily life after reform.