关于黄河南蒙古人族群性的历史考察

A Historical Investigation on the Ethnicity of Henan Mongolian

黄河南蒙古在13世纪以来的族群历史中,逐渐吸收植根于青藏高原发展而来的藏文化因素,发生广泛而深入的文化涵化,从而使其族群性也发生演变。本文旨在从历史的视野对黄河南蒙古人族群性的演变过程进行长时段的考察,认为罗卜藏丹津事件是包括黄河南蒙古在内的青海蒙古发生全面深入“藏化”的重要转折点。如果说此前青海蒙古由于特殊的政治地位还能维持其族群特征,那么在此之后清政府推行蒙藏分治、盟旗制度,造成各旗蒙古不相统属,蒙古诸旗的衰落,进一步促成了“藏化”进程的发展。直到20世纪50年代河南蒙古族自治县建立之后,黄河南蒙古人开启了复振民族文化、回归蒙古族身份之路。

During the ethinic History, Henan Mongolian absorbed gradually the Tibetan cultule rooted in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The extensive and deep acculturation took place and result in the change of their ethnicity. The article invests the evolution process of Henna Mongolian ethinicity and thinks that the Luobozangdanjing event was a important turning point for the overall Tibetanization of Qinghai Mongolian including Henan Mongolian. After that, Qing Dynasty carried out the Mengqi System, brought out the decline of the Mongolian banners, and then promoted the Tibetanizing process, untill the building of Henan Mongolian Autonomous County in 1950 s. After that, Henan Mongolian began to go through an ethnic culture renaissance and return Mongolian identity.