唐代来华波斯商贾与海上丝绸之路

The Persian merchants coming to China in the Tang Dynasty and the Maritime Silk Road

相对于活跃于陆上丝绸之路上的粟特人等,唐代波斯人来华可谓海陆并重,东南沿海一带也是他们活跃的地区,这一批人多为波斯商贾,在唐代沿海地区商业发展及海上贸易中起到举足轻重的作用。尤其是公元6世纪至9世纪,波斯舶横行于从波斯湾至中国南海之间海面上,而中国的船只8世纪前后也直航至波斯湾什罗夫、巴士拉一带,促进唐代海上丝绸之路一个大的发展。继之而起的阿拉伯人等在唐宋元时代的海外贸易和海上丝绸之路上举足轻重,与早期波斯商胡的努力和贡献是密不可分的。

Comparing with the Sogdians in the Silk Road, the Persians in Tang Dynasty came to China both from land and sea. They were particularly active in the southeast coast of China and played very important roles in the economic developments and maritime trade of coastal areas in Tang Dynasty. During the time from Sixth to Ninth centuries, the Persian ships sailed widely in the sea from Persian gulf to the South sea in China, and correspondingly the Chinese ships can also navigated directly to the Siraf and Bassorah in the Persian Gulf from Eighth century. After that, The Arabians dominant roles in the maritime Silk Road from Tang to Yuan Dynasties should be attributed to the efforts and contributions of the Persian merchants.