家国之间:唃厮啰家族与历代民族政策的关联性研究

Between Home and Country:a Study on Relevance of Chinese Ancient Ethnic Policies and the Chio-ssu-lo family

嘀厮啰家族是宋元明清时期在甘青地区颇具影响力的藏族家族,嘀厮啰家族的兴衰沉浮始终与中央经略甘青地区的民族政策息息相关。宋王朝'无意疆理'和'断西夏右臂'的民族政策是唃厮啰家族政权兴起与覆没的最主要原因;元明清三朝对西北少数民族的羁縻政策以及在此理论基础上建立的土司制度是唃厮啰家族长期占据临洮地区并发展壮大的最根本的原因;唃厮啰家族走向衰落及土司职位的失去则是清王朝对土司的限制和削弱以及民国推行改土归流政策的必然结果。另外,以唃厮啰家族为代表的广大西北少数民族家.族亦以自己的实际行动影响着中央的民族政策,唃厮啰家族政权'联宋抗夏'的策略一度改变了宋王朝在西北的民族政策,唃厮啰家族为代表的西北少数民族家族在地方的强大影响力以及对历代中央政府的向心力是元明清时期在西北长期推行土司制度的一个重要原因。

The Chio-ssu-lo family was the famous Tibetan family in Gansu and Qinghai province from Song and Qing dynasty. The rise and fall of the Chiossu-lo family was closely geared to the ancient ethnic policies. No intantion and breaking the right arm of Xixia were the main reasons for the rise and fall of the Chio-ssu-lo family. Controlling and developing the chieftains of northwest made the Chio-ssu-lo family occupied lintao and expanded more and more powerful. The decline of the family and the loss of the chieftain’s position were the inevitable result of the Qing Dynasty’s restrictions on the chieftain and the weakening of the chieftain and the policy of the bureaucratization of native officer in the Republic of China.