信仰方式与乡村社会规则的构成——以广东某村的信仰关系为例

Belief Modes and the Construction of Social Regulations in Countryside——Case Study of Beliefs Relationship in X Village of Guangdong Province

借鉴吉登斯结构二重性理论,围绕宗教信仰与宗族关系、宗教信仰与基层公共权威、村内认同机制与村落政治等几个层面的交往展开讨论。对广东某村庄社会资源及其分配关系进行分析,说明处在不同结构中的信仰行动者在资源获取过程中,往往能够调动其不同层面的社会关系,从而导致不同资源之间的转换。与此相应,不同信仰方式中的资源和规则的整合关系,也会建构不同宗教或民间信仰的信仰方式及其信仰结构内资源和规则的组合方式。这种组合形式,最终会使那种超越乡村宗族利益、宗教信仰关系之上的公共规则难以构成。

By referring to Antony Giddens' duality of the Theory of Structuration,the article discusses the communications between religious belief and religious relationship,between religious belief and public authority at basic level,between intra-village identity and village politics.By analyzing social resources and resources distribution in X village of Guangdong province,the article shows that in resources acquisition,believers in different structure will manoeuver social relations at different levels,and thus leads to the transferring of different resources.Accordingly,integration relationship of resources and regulations in different beliefs will construct different modes of religious or folk beliefs,and integration modes of resources and regulations within a certain belief.This very integration mode will make it hard to construct public regulations beyond the interests of urban clans and religious beliefs relationship.