8个不同品种小麦汞吸收和分布的差异

Differences in mercury uptake and distribution of 8 wheat varieties

【目的】研究外源汞污染对8个品种小麦产量及其汞吸收和分布的影响,筛选出抗汞污染较理想的小麦品种。【方法】以全国主推的徐麦30、陕麦979、小偃22、济麦22、皖麦52、郑麦9023、石新618、衡麦5229等8个小麦品种为供试材料,进行盆栽试验,设置对照(施入土壤中汞含量为0 mg/kg)和汞污染(施入土壤中汞含量为2mg/kg)2个处理,研究汞污染条件下8个不同品种小麦产量、不同部位汞含量及汞分布比例的变化。【结果】与对照相比,汞污染条件下,除陕麦979的生物量和籽粒产量分别下降了1.99%和0.61%外,其余7个供试品种的总生物量和籽粒产量都呈增加趋势。与对照相比,汞污染条件下,8个不同品种小麦茎秆、叶片、颖壳和籽粒中汞含量明显增加。各品种小麦不同部位对汞的累积能力不同。汞污染条件下,小麦茎秆累积汞能力最强的是小偃22,叶片累积汞最多的是石新618,颖壳累积汞能力最强的是衡麦5229,籽粒累积汞能力最强的是徐麦30。汞污染处理各品种小麦茎秆中汞的分布比例较对照显著增加,叶片及籽粒中汞分布比例有所减少。【结论】从小麦产量和食品安全角度综合考虑,小偃22是农业生产中较理想的抗汞污染品种。

【Objective】Differences in mercury uptake,accumulation and distribution of 8wheat varieties were investigated to select ideal variety with resistance to mercury pollution.【Method】8popular wheat varieties in China were selected as experiment materials,and soil pot experiment with 2treatments(Control with 0mg/kg Hg in the soil and the treatment with 2mg/kg Hg in the soil)was conducted to study the changes in yield,mercury content and distribution.【Result】Both the biomass and grain yield of the 8wheat varieties except Shaanmai 979 were bigger than that the control.Biomass and grain yield of Shaanmai 979 decreased by 1.99% and 0.61%,respectively.Mercury concentrations in shoots,leaves,glumes and grains of all varieties increased significantly.Different parts of different varieties had different accumulation ability.Xiaoyan 22 had the highest mercury uptake ability in shoots,Shixin 618 had the highest mercury accumulation in leaves,Hengmai 5229 had the highest mercury accumulation in glumes,and Xumai 30 had the highest mercury accumulation in grains.The distribution of mercury in shoots was significantly increased compared to the control,but the distribution in leaves and grains was less.【Conclusion】Considering both grain yield and food safety,Xiaoyan 22 was the best variety for resisting mercury pollu-tion.