基于氯化镍的小直径纳米银线制备与工艺优化

Preparation and process optimization of small diameter silver nanowires based on nickel chloride

银纳米线(AgNWs)具有良好的透光性和导电性,是导电油墨和柔性透明导电薄膜的理想材料,小直径且高长径比的纳米银线的性能更为优异,因此其制备工艺与技术的探讨很有必要.采用溶剂热法,以硝酸银为银源,乙二醇(EG)为还原剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为生长剂,六水合二氯化镍(NiCl2·6H2O)为控制剂,制备了直径小且尺寸均一的银纳米线.探讨了反应时间、氯化镍浓度、PVP/AgNO3摩尔比对纳米银线表观形貌的影响.研究发现,当NiCl2浓度为200μmol/L,反应时间为10h,PVP/AgNO3摩尔比为2∶1时,制备得到的纳米银线直径(25~35nm)最小,且长径比(1 000)最高.

Silver nanowires(AgNWs)are good for conductive ink and flexible transparent conductive film,due to its high transmittance and good conductivity.The performance of silver nanowires with small diameter and high aspect ratio is better than that of silver nanowires,therefore it is necessary to discuss the preparation process and technology.In this paper,a simple solvent thermal method was used for the preparation of small diameter and homogeneous silver nanowires,using silver nitrate as a silver source,ethylene glycol(EG)as a reducing agent,polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)as a growth agent,and hexahydrated nickel chloride(NiCl2·6 H2 O)as a control agent.The effects of reaction time,concentration of nickel chloride and PVP/AgNO3 molar ratio on the microstructure of silver nanowires were investigated.It was found that silver nanowires with smallest diameter(25~35 nm)and highest aspect ratio(1 000)were prepared when the concentration of NiCl2 was 200μmol/L,reaction time was 10 h,and PVP/AgNO3 molar ratio was 2.